Shows the underneith of the roof. Steel beams are used to support the roof in-between the main structure. The huge structural beams and columns are counteracting for the glass walls which wouldn't be load bearing.
Monday, May 28, 2007
Geelong Carosel
Shows the underneith of the roof. Steel beams are used to support the roof in-between the main structure. The huge structural beams and columns are counteracting for the glass walls which wouldn't be load bearing.
Geelong Carosel
The detail of the joints show the building is able to move if there is strong winds and effects the building. Being on the shore it would need connections like this because of the strong winds that it would have to stand up to.
Geelong Carosel
A detail of one of the corners. Huge bolts have been used as the main connection style. Steel has been used mostly likely because of the lightness and the easiness to create such a shape as this with the material.
Site Visit- Carosel
The facade of the Geelong Carosel. The structure of the building is completely visible. The skin has a transluscent style to it.
Tilt Up Panels- Hope St and Latrobe Tce
A connection that is ready for beams and the rest of the structure to be attatched. Having these cast into the panels makes it easier to build the rest of the building if the supports are already there.
Site Visit-Tilt Up Panels
The panels are up and are supported until the rest of the structure is put up so they can stand up on their own.
Site Visit-Tilt Up Panels
Shows the tilt up panels in position on site ready to be pulled up and supported in place.
SIte Visit- The Pour
The huge shoot that pumped the concrete out. It appeared from watching the work men this is an easy way of using the shoot compared to the one you manually pull along yourself. Its easier to move and doesnt need so much muscles and manual work. One person can do it on there own.
SIte Visit- The Pour
These guys are moving the cement around and flattening out the slab so its al smooth.
Site Visit- The Pour
The workers. One is holding the shoot which the concrete comes out of, another is holding the vibrator which compacts all the wet concrete to get the air out of it.
They started at one end of the building, which is a seperate room to the rest of the building.
Site Visit
This shows the spray paint on the ground which map out where they have to build the ground up ready for the slab to go on. They have done some already.
Floor Plan
Shows the column layout. Both the warehouse and the show room have 4m spacing between the 'C' section columns.
Finished Model
You can see steel capping on the end of the timber to stop the ends getting wet and rotting.
The guttering only goes on two sides of the showroom roof.
The roofing is colourbond steel.
Finished Model
Detail of the outside facade. The concrete pre-cast panel is used as a background for the pattern of steel strips to create interest and to avoid the boring shed look. This facade is only used in the showroom however.
Finished Model
This shows the beams and the columns. I used 'c' purlin and 'c' beams to hide the services so as to be able to keep the structure visible. Plasterboard was used to hide the insulation. The outside is a pre-cast concrete panel which on its own wont be very thermal.
Major Project Model
Here is my model hapf way through.
This image shows the roof structure. I used balsa wood to represent the wood.
Friday, May 25, 2007
Article#6Commercial Buildings Open their windows ARCHITECTURAL RECORDS VOL 9 2006
Open able windows in American commercial high-rise buildings haven’t been part of the designs because of the pollution and rain is free to come inside the building and running efficiency. The higher the building the more vulnerable is to these negative factors. However the occupants of the buildings prefer the control they have when the windows are open-able, they like the temperature control.
The more like the outdoor environment is replicated on the inside the more enjoyable and comfortable people are in it an expert engineer says. However the issues of the natural pollution plants have to the air such as pollen. Research has found that people adapt to changes of the mean and harsh outdoors and are more comfortable than when in an air-conditioned environment.
The RWE tower in Germany is the first acknowledged high-rise building to be naturally ventilated. Although completed in 1996 it still stands a good example of an energy efficient commercial building. The architects explored different ways to approach the comfortable environment people like and systems that would make the high-rise building people friendly. The ‘air path’ design was based on a similar one in the Empire State building.
The RWE tower is a 29-storey building with a circular façade with a double skin. The exterior skin is permeable which draws in the exhausting air, which then moves through horizontal openings throughout the floors. These openings not only prevent the rain from entering but also minimising sound pollution from outside. The interior layer is also permeable which have controllable panels that open to allow the occupants to control the temperature and air movement. The outer skin is a clear toughened glass with single sheet glass that increases the daylight intake into the interior of the building. Remotely operated aluminium blinds have been installed for sun protection. The circulare design also assists with as many occupants being in natural daylight, this is assisted by minimal enclosed space in the floor plan.
The ceiling has a ventilation duct system that allows the ceiling to be chilled. Chilled water passes through the ducts instead of forced air. This system deals with the outside air being too uncomfortable better than any other system. This system acknowledges when someone has opened a window in an area and shuts of through that zone, the system also warns occupants to close windows when the winds exceed a certain limit. This building saved 30-30% in energy use compared to an equivalent conventional building with the standards of double glazed windows and a single skin.
Many buildings ten years later are still using the concept of the double skin building to assist with natural ventilation. A Beijing plaza has taken on this concept with the assistance of ceiling fans. Maximising the air movement close to the exterior to avoid the fluctuation of temperature control.
Designers understand that the climate your building is in effects the success of the natural ventilation in buildings such as these. Some areas allow for the pleasant outside air to come into the building and others not so, the more humid climates.
Space planning and building management are factors that affect the efficiency of the natural ventilation system. The large office floors that are so common in high commercial buildings don’t allow for the ever-changing occupants needs. Some designs are swapping around the typical floor plan for offices with putting private offices in the centre of the building rather than around the perimeter to make the most of the open-able windows.
The more like the outdoor environment is replicated on the inside the more enjoyable and comfortable people are in it an expert engineer says. However the issues of the natural pollution plants have to the air such as pollen. Research has found that people adapt to changes of the mean and harsh outdoors and are more comfortable than when in an air-conditioned environment.
The RWE tower in Germany is the first acknowledged high-rise building to be naturally ventilated. Although completed in 1996 it still stands a good example of an energy efficient commercial building. The architects explored different ways to approach the comfortable environment people like and systems that would make the high-rise building people friendly. The ‘air path’ design was based on a similar one in the Empire State building.
The RWE tower is a 29-storey building with a circular façade with a double skin. The exterior skin is permeable which draws in the exhausting air, which then moves through horizontal openings throughout the floors. These openings not only prevent the rain from entering but also minimising sound pollution from outside. The interior layer is also permeable which have controllable panels that open to allow the occupants to control the temperature and air movement. The outer skin is a clear toughened glass with single sheet glass that increases the daylight intake into the interior of the building. Remotely operated aluminium blinds have been installed for sun protection. The circulare design also assists with as many occupants being in natural daylight, this is assisted by minimal enclosed space in the floor plan.
The ceiling has a ventilation duct system that allows the ceiling to be chilled. Chilled water passes through the ducts instead of forced air. This system deals with the outside air being too uncomfortable better than any other system. This system acknowledges when someone has opened a window in an area and shuts of through that zone, the system also warns occupants to close windows when the winds exceed a certain limit. This building saved 30-30% in energy use compared to an equivalent conventional building with the standards of double glazed windows and a single skin.
Many buildings ten years later are still using the concept of the double skin building to assist with natural ventilation. A Beijing plaza has taken on this concept with the assistance of ceiling fans. Maximising the air movement close to the exterior to avoid the fluctuation of temperature control.
Designers understand that the climate your building is in effects the success of the natural ventilation in buildings such as these. Some areas allow for the pleasant outside air to come into the building and others not so, the more humid climates.
Space planning and building management are factors that affect the efficiency of the natural ventilation system. The large office floors that are so common in high commercial buildings don’t allow for the ever-changing occupants needs. Some designs are swapping around the typical floor plan for offices with putting private offices in the centre of the building rather than around the perimeter to make the most of the open-able windows.
Thursday, May 24, 2007
Article#5 Cement and concrete sustainability credentials'Focus on the Concrete Centre Jan/Feb '06 Issue'
Society can no longer look at the environment as a free resource due to the impact of climate change on our planet. In the building industry embodied energy has been introduced which lead to the calculations of “whole life” impact an overall building.
Concrete is the most widely consumed material due to its flexibility and durability; it is only second to water.
The cement industry has been making investigations about how to reduce the energy consumption of their product and CO2 emissions. Since 2004 the energy consumption has been reduced by 21.2%. It has begun to use secondary fuels such as water solvents and non fossil fuels used on tyres. This not only reduces landfill but also helps with the environment.
The embodied energy of construction materials is insignificant when compared to the energy consumed of the buildings lifetime. Heating, cooling and lighting, produces 90% of buildings energy. It is here that concrete becomes an asset because of the high thermal mass the building energy used when in use can be greatly reduced.
The thermal capacity of concrete allows it to absorb and store heat and then later on radiate heat which stabilisers the internal temperature. Good ventilation, thermal mass, exposed concrete have helped to improve productivity by 16%.
The concrete industry are actively trying to push the use of recycled concrete to help reduce the use of natural resources such as sand gravel and crushed rock. Concrete is 100% recyclable.
Pre-cast and ready mix concrete companies also can be ecologically friendly by using pulverised-fuel ash, which is a product recycled from coal-burning power stations. Pulverised-fuel ash allows 70% of cement to replaced in concrete.
Concrete is the most widely consumed material due to its flexibility and durability; it is only second to water.
The cement industry has been making investigations about how to reduce the energy consumption of their product and CO2 emissions. Since 2004 the energy consumption has been reduced by 21.2%. It has begun to use secondary fuels such as water solvents and non fossil fuels used on tyres. This not only reduces landfill but also helps with the environment.
The embodied energy of construction materials is insignificant when compared to the energy consumed of the buildings lifetime. Heating, cooling and lighting, produces 90% of buildings energy. It is here that concrete becomes an asset because of the high thermal mass the building energy used when in use can be greatly reduced.
The thermal capacity of concrete allows it to absorb and store heat and then later on radiate heat which stabilisers the internal temperature. Good ventilation, thermal mass, exposed concrete have helped to improve productivity by 16%.
The concrete industry are actively trying to push the use of recycled concrete to help reduce the use of natural resources such as sand gravel and crushed rock. Concrete is 100% recyclable.
Pre-cast and ready mix concrete companies also can be ecologically friendly by using pulverised-fuel ash, which is a product recycled from coal-burning power stations. Pulverised-fuel ash allows 70% of cement to replaced in concrete.
Friday, May 11, 2007
Drawings for Assignment
This is two drawings that i have done to show what my detail for the model will be.
I am doing the wall detail for the showroom/office area. I am using composite construction, timber and steel.
Monday, May 7, 2007
Article#4How Building Design Imperatives constrain construction productivity and quality: Engineering Construction and Architectural Managment 2002
Since the early 1960’s building construction has been criticised for low productivity, it has been widely recognised that the building design has significant impact on the building construction performance. Recently there has been interest in concurrent engineering, which involves designing products and their related processes and systems coinciding with each other to achieve the best possible balance between form, function and production. Designing for maximised repetition is one way to avoid low productivity.
Design application can be a difficult one to design with maximised repetition coinciding with other buildings. If asked to design for a specific site that has existing buildings which needs to be linked would create a difficult one to reproduce if asked to place it at another location. But buildings such as port-a-cabins can be built and designed in a standard way, which makes the most of repetition between the buildings.
So market specific design results in high volume goods, where location specific designs often result in low volume goods. For example the footprint of a building is effected by adjacent buildings and natural features of the site.
Many new buildings are tailored designed because of the continuing demand for safer construction operations, such as excavation.
Customer-led designing for buildings usually leads to the architects and engineers designing for specific needs of functionality and appearance. Thus it being hard to design with repetition as components will change throughout the process, making it hard to pre-order construction components. There are too many variables such as budget, clients ideas my change during design and construction.
Customer-led design is often lead to tailored goods, whereas custom design or standard products can cater for producer-led designs.
Designers are also expected to have the latest high performance structure components which leads to every new design will be an original. These factors limit architects and engineers to design buildings, which can be built multiple times in different locations. This then limits them to work with manufacturers in the design of mass production, building specific, components.
The constant change of design when it comes to customer-led buildings means more and more products needing to be tailored for specific job. This leads to hurried production time, which leads to quality problems. In contrast producer-led market specific design results in there being high repetition, which allows computer systems to perform the component configurations.
Bricks, plasterboards, drainage pipes and heating pipes are examples of standard materials and parts. Raised floor tile system and suspended ceiling systems are both examples of custom materials, which generally are produced for stock. It is more feasible and viable for engineers to use these products in the buildings compared to specific designed products.
Looking at these aspects it appears that construction productivity and quality must be continuously improved to meet clients needs. Product-specific systems and processes are feasible and viable when it is producer-led and market specific, although often the building is customer-led and location specific.
Design application can be a difficult one to design with maximised repetition coinciding with other buildings. If asked to design for a specific site that has existing buildings which needs to be linked would create a difficult one to reproduce if asked to place it at another location. But buildings such as port-a-cabins can be built and designed in a standard way, which makes the most of repetition between the buildings.
So market specific design results in high volume goods, where location specific designs often result in low volume goods. For example the footprint of a building is effected by adjacent buildings and natural features of the site.
Many new buildings are tailored designed because of the continuing demand for safer construction operations, such as excavation.
Customer-led designing for buildings usually leads to the architects and engineers designing for specific needs of functionality and appearance. Thus it being hard to design with repetition as components will change throughout the process, making it hard to pre-order construction components. There are too many variables such as budget, clients ideas my change during design and construction.
Customer-led design is often lead to tailored goods, whereas custom design or standard products can cater for producer-led designs.
Designers are also expected to have the latest high performance structure components which leads to every new design will be an original. These factors limit architects and engineers to design buildings, which can be built multiple times in different locations. This then limits them to work with manufacturers in the design of mass production, building specific, components.
The constant change of design when it comes to customer-led buildings means more and more products needing to be tailored for specific job. This leads to hurried production time, which leads to quality problems. In contrast producer-led market specific design results in there being high repetition, which allows computer systems to perform the component configurations.
Bricks, plasterboards, drainage pipes and heating pipes are examples of standard materials and parts. Raised floor tile system and suspended ceiling systems are both examples of custom materials, which generally are produced for stock. It is more feasible and viable for engineers to use these products in the buildings compared to specific designed products.
Looking at these aspects it appears that construction productivity and quality must be continuously improved to meet clients needs. Product-specific systems and processes are feasible and viable when it is producer-led and market specific, although often the building is customer-led and location specific.
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