Shows the underneith of the roof. Steel beams are used to support the roof in-between the main structure. The huge structural beams and columns are counteracting for the glass walls which wouldn't be load bearing.
Monday, May 28, 2007
Geelong Carosel
Shows the underneith of the roof. Steel beams are used to support the roof in-between the main structure. The huge structural beams and columns are counteracting for the glass walls which wouldn't be load bearing.
Geelong Carosel
The detail of the joints show the building is able to move if there is strong winds and effects the building. Being on the shore it would need connections like this because of the strong winds that it would have to stand up to.
Geelong Carosel
A detail of one of the corners. Huge bolts have been used as the main connection style. Steel has been used mostly likely because of the lightness and the easiness to create such a shape as this with the material.
Site Visit- Carosel
The facade of the Geelong Carosel. The structure of the building is completely visible. The skin has a transluscent style to it.
Tilt Up Panels- Hope St and Latrobe Tce
A connection that is ready for beams and the rest of the structure to be attatched. Having these cast into the panels makes it easier to build the rest of the building if the supports are already there.
Site Visit-Tilt Up Panels
The panels are up and are supported until the rest of the structure is put up so they can stand up on their own.
Site Visit-Tilt Up Panels
Shows the tilt up panels in position on site ready to be pulled up and supported in place.
SIte Visit- The Pour
The huge shoot that pumped the concrete out. It appeared from watching the work men this is an easy way of using the shoot compared to the one you manually pull along yourself. Its easier to move and doesnt need so much muscles and manual work. One person can do it on there own.
SIte Visit- The Pour
These guys are moving the cement around and flattening out the slab so its al smooth.
Site Visit- The Pour
The workers. One is holding the shoot which the concrete comes out of, another is holding the vibrator which compacts all the wet concrete to get the air out of it.
They started at one end of the building, which is a seperate room to the rest of the building.
Site Visit
This shows the spray paint on the ground which map out where they have to build the ground up ready for the slab to go on. They have done some already.
Floor Plan
Shows the column layout. Both the warehouse and the show room have 4m spacing between the 'C' section columns.
Finished Model
You can see steel capping on the end of the timber to stop the ends getting wet and rotting.
The guttering only goes on two sides of the showroom roof.
The roofing is colourbond steel.
Finished Model
Detail of the outside facade. The concrete pre-cast panel is used as a background for the pattern of steel strips to create interest and to avoid the boring shed look. This facade is only used in the showroom however.
Finished Model
This shows the beams and the columns. I used 'c' purlin and 'c' beams to hide the services so as to be able to keep the structure visible. Plasterboard was used to hide the insulation. The outside is a pre-cast concrete panel which on its own wont be very thermal.
Major Project Model
Here is my model hapf way through.
This image shows the roof structure. I used balsa wood to represent the wood.
Friday, May 25, 2007
Article#6Commercial Buildings Open their windows ARCHITECTURAL RECORDS VOL 9 2006
Open able windows in American commercial high-rise buildings haven’t been part of the designs because of the pollution and rain is free to come inside the building and running efficiency. The higher the building the more vulnerable is to these negative factors. However the occupants of the buildings prefer the control they have when the windows are open-able, they like the temperature control.
The more like the outdoor environment is replicated on the inside the more enjoyable and comfortable people are in it an expert engineer says. However the issues of the natural pollution plants have to the air such as pollen. Research has found that people adapt to changes of the mean and harsh outdoors and are more comfortable than when in an air-conditioned environment.
The RWE tower in Germany is the first acknowledged high-rise building to be naturally ventilated. Although completed in 1996 it still stands a good example of an energy efficient commercial building. The architects explored different ways to approach the comfortable environment people like and systems that would make the high-rise building people friendly. The ‘air path’ design was based on a similar one in the Empire State building.
The RWE tower is a 29-storey building with a circular façade with a double skin. The exterior skin is permeable which draws in the exhausting air, which then moves through horizontal openings throughout the floors. These openings not only prevent the rain from entering but also minimising sound pollution from outside. The interior layer is also permeable which have controllable panels that open to allow the occupants to control the temperature and air movement. The outer skin is a clear toughened glass with single sheet glass that increases the daylight intake into the interior of the building. Remotely operated aluminium blinds have been installed for sun protection. The circulare design also assists with as many occupants being in natural daylight, this is assisted by minimal enclosed space in the floor plan.
The ceiling has a ventilation duct system that allows the ceiling to be chilled. Chilled water passes through the ducts instead of forced air. This system deals with the outside air being too uncomfortable better than any other system. This system acknowledges when someone has opened a window in an area and shuts of through that zone, the system also warns occupants to close windows when the winds exceed a certain limit. This building saved 30-30% in energy use compared to an equivalent conventional building with the standards of double glazed windows and a single skin.
Many buildings ten years later are still using the concept of the double skin building to assist with natural ventilation. A Beijing plaza has taken on this concept with the assistance of ceiling fans. Maximising the air movement close to the exterior to avoid the fluctuation of temperature control.
Designers understand that the climate your building is in effects the success of the natural ventilation in buildings such as these. Some areas allow for the pleasant outside air to come into the building and others not so, the more humid climates.
Space planning and building management are factors that affect the efficiency of the natural ventilation system. The large office floors that are so common in high commercial buildings don’t allow for the ever-changing occupants needs. Some designs are swapping around the typical floor plan for offices with putting private offices in the centre of the building rather than around the perimeter to make the most of the open-able windows.
The more like the outdoor environment is replicated on the inside the more enjoyable and comfortable people are in it an expert engineer says. However the issues of the natural pollution plants have to the air such as pollen. Research has found that people adapt to changes of the mean and harsh outdoors and are more comfortable than when in an air-conditioned environment.
The RWE tower in Germany is the first acknowledged high-rise building to be naturally ventilated. Although completed in 1996 it still stands a good example of an energy efficient commercial building. The architects explored different ways to approach the comfortable environment people like and systems that would make the high-rise building people friendly. The ‘air path’ design was based on a similar one in the Empire State building.
The RWE tower is a 29-storey building with a circular façade with a double skin. The exterior skin is permeable which draws in the exhausting air, which then moves through horizontal openings throughout the floors. These openings not only prevent the rain from entering but also minimising sound pollution from outside. The interior layer is also permeable which have controllable panels that open to allow the occupants to control the temperature and air movement. The outer skin is a clear toughened glass with single sheet glass that increases the daylight intake into the interior of the building. Remotely operated aluminium blinds have been installed for sun protection. The circulare design also assists with as many occupants being in natural daylight, this is assisted by minimal enclosed space in the floor plan.
The ceiling has a ventilation duct system that allows the ceiling to be chilled. Chilled water passes through the ducts instead of forced air. This system deals with the outside air being too uncomfortable better than any other system. This system acknowledges when someone has opened a window in an area and shuts of through that zone, the system also warns occupants to close windows when the winds exceed a certain limit. This building saved 30-30% in energy use compared to an equivalent conventional building with the standards of double glazed windows and a single skin.
Many buildings ten years later are still using the concept of the double skin building to assist with natural ventilation. A Beijing plaza has taken on this concept with the assistance of ceiling fans. Maximising the air movement close to the exterior to avoid the fluctuation of temperature control.
Designers understand that the climate your building is in effects the success of the natural ventilation in buildings such as these. Some areas allow for the pleasant outside air to come into the building and others not so, the more humid climates.
Space planning and building management are factors that affect the efficiency of the natural ventilation system. The large office floors that are so common in high commercial buildings don’t allow for the ever-changing occupants needs. Some designs are swapping around the typical floor plan for offices with putting private offices in the centre of the building rather than around the perimeter to make the most of the open-able windows.
Thursday, May 24, 2007
Article#5 Cement and concrete sustainability credentials'Focus on the Concrete Centre Jan/Feb '06 Issue'
Society can no longer look at the environment as a free resource due to the impact of climate change on our planet. In the building industry embodied energy has been introduced which lead to the calculations of “whole life” impact an overall building.
Concrete is the most widely consumed material due to its flexibility and durability; it is only second to water.
The cement industry has been making investigations about how to reduce the energy consumption of their product and CO2 emissions. Since 2004 the energy consumption has been reduced by 21.2%. It has begun to use secondary fuels such as water solvents and non fossil fuels used on tyres. This not only reduces landfill but also helps with the environment.
The embodied energy of construction materials is insignificant when compared to the energy consumed of the buildings lifetime. Heating, cooling and lighting, produces 90% of buildings energy. It is here that concrete becomes an asset because of the high thermal mass the building energy used when in use can be greatly reduced.
The thermal capacity of concrete allows it to absorb and store heat and then later on radiate heat which stabilisers the internal temperature. Good ventilation, thermal mass, exposed concrete have helped to improve productivity by 16%.
The concrete industry are actively trying to push the use of recycled concrete to help reduce the use of natural resources such as sand gravel and crushed rock. Concrete is 100% recyclable.
Pre-cast and ready mix concrete companies also can be ecologically friendly by using pulverised-fuel ash, which is a product recycled from coal-burning power stations. Pulverised-fuel ash allows 70% of cement to replaced in concrete.
Concrete is the most widely consumed material due to its flexibility and durability; it is only second to water.
The cement industry has been making investigations about how to reduce the energy consumption of their product and CO2 emissions. Since 2004 the energy consumption has been reduced by 21.2%. It has begun to use secondary fuels such as water solvents and non fossil fuels used on tyres. This not only reduces landfill but also helps with the environment.
The embodied energy of construction materials is insignificant when compared to the energy consumed of the buildings lifetime. Heating, cooling and lighting, produces 90% of buildings energy. It is here that concrete becomes an asset because of the high thermal mass the building energy used when in use can be greatly reduced.
The thermal capacity of concrete allows it to absorb and store heat and then later on radiate heat which stabilisers the internal temperature. Good ventilation, thermal mass, exposed concrete have helped to improve productivity by 16%.
The concrete industry are actively trying to push the use of recycled concrete to help reduce the use of natural resources such as sand gravel and crushed rock. Concrete is 100% recyclable.
Pre-cast and ready mix concrete companies also can be ecologically friendly by using pulverised-fuel ash, which is a product recycled from coal-burning power stations. Pulverised-fuel ash allows 70% of cement to replaced in concrete.
Friday, May 11, 2007
Drawings for Assignment
This is two drawings that i have done to show what my detail for the model will be.
I am doing the wall detail for the showroom/office area. I am using composite construction, timber and steel.
Monday, May 7, 2007
Article#4How Building Design Imperatives constrain construction productivity and quality: Engineering Construction and Architectural Managment 2002
Since the early 1960’s building construction has been criticised for low productivity, it has been widely recognised that the building design has significant impact on the building construction performance. Recently there has been interest in concurrent engineering, which involves designing products and their related processes and systems coinciding with each other to achieve the best possible balance between form, function and production. Designing for maximised repetition is one way to avoid low productivity.
Design application can be a difficult one to design with maximised repetition coinciding with other buildings. If asked to design for a specific site that has existing buildings which needs to be linked would create a difficult one to reproduce if asked to place it at another location. But buildings such as port-a-cabins can be built and designed in a standard way, which makes the most of repetition between the buildings.
So market specific design results in high volume goods, where location specific designs often result in low volume goods. For example the footprint of a building is effected by adjacent buildings and natural features of the site.
Many new buildings are tailored designed because of the continuing demand for safer construction operations, such as excavation.
Customer-led designing for buildings usually leads to the architects and engineers designing for specific needs of functionality and appearance. Thus it being hard to design with repetition as components will change throughout the process, making it hard to pre-order construction components. There are too many variables such as budget, clients ideas my change during design and construction.
Customer-led design is often lead to tailored goods, whereas custom design or standard products can cater for producer-led designs.
Designers are also expected to have the latest high performance structure components which leads to every new design will be an original. These factors limit architects and engineers to design buildings, which can be built multiple times in different locations. This then limits them to work with manufacturers in the design of mass production, building specific, components.
The constant change of design when it comes to customer-led buildings means more and more products needing to be tailored for specific job. This leads to hurried production time, which leads to quality problems. In contrast producer-led market specific design results in there being high repetition, which allows computer systems to perform the component configurations.
Bricks, plasterboards, drainage pipes and heating pipes are examples of standard materials and parts. Raised floor tile system and suspended ceiling systems are both examples of custom materials, which generally are produced for stock. It is more feasible and viable for engineers to use these products in the buildings compared to specific designed products.
Looking at these aspects it appears that construction productivity and quality must be continuously improved to meet clients needs. Product-specific systems and processes are feasible and viable when it is producer-led and market specific, although often the building is customer-led and location specific.
Design application can be a difficult one to design with maximised repetition coinciding with other buildings. If asked to design for a specific site that has existing buildings which needs to be linked would create a difficult one to reproduce if asked to place it at another location. But buildings such as port-a-cabins can be built and designed in a standard way, which makes the most of repetition between the buildings.
So market specific design results in high volume goods, where location specific designs often result in low volume goods. For example the footprint of a building is effected by adjacent buildings and natural features of the site.
Many new buildings are tailored designed because of the continuing demand for safer construction operations, such as excavation.
Customer-led designing for buildings usually leads to the architects and engineers designing for specific needs of functionality and appearance. Thus it being hard to design with repetition as components will change throughout the process, making it hard to pre-order construction components. There are too many variables such as budget, clients ideas my change during design and construction.
Customer-led design is often lead to tailored goods, whereas custom design or standard products can cater for producer-led designs.
Designers are also expected to have the latest high performance structure components which leads to every new design will be an original. These factors limit architects and engineers to design buildings, which can be built multiple times in different locations. This then limits them to work with manufacturers in the design of mass production, building specific, components.
The constant change of design when it comes to customer-led buildings means more and more products needing to be tailored for specific job. This leads to hurried production time, which leads to quality problems. In contrast producer-led market specific design results in there being high repetition, which allows computer systems to perform the component configurations.
Bricks, plasterboards, drainage pipes and heating pipes are examples of standard materials and parts. Raised floor tile system and suspended ceiling systems are both examples of custom materials, which generally are produced for stock. It is more feasible and viable for engineers to use these products in the buildings compared to specific designed products.
Looking at these aspects it appears that construction productivity and quality must be continuously improved to meet clients needs. Product-specific systems and processes are feasible and viable when it is producer-led and market specific, although often the building is customer-led and location specific.
Monday, April 30, 2007
Concept 1
Here is my idea for the facade of the warehouse and showroom. They are based on the two Glenn Murcutt buildings i have on this blog. Im not sure if i like it.
The warehouse has red colourbond on the outside and the showroom has steel grid looking thing. I wanted the facades to be different on the two buildings because using just one maybe to overwhelming. The roof shape helps to break the lateral feel of the building and gives it some shape. The wooden slates across the windows helps create some depth and interest in building and also helps protect the building from heating up to much. The basic structure will be made out of steel.
Friday, April 27, 2007
Article#3 Newcastle Steelworks- ENGINEERS MAG VOL 79
In Mayfield Newcastle a 1.5km, 49m deep bentonite barrier wall has begun to be constructed. This wall is part of a $110 million remediation strategy for the former Newcastle Steelworks.
BHP Billiton has owned the site since 1915. In 2002 the NSW government negotiated a land transfer with BHP Billiton. BHP Billiton demolished the buildings on site and RMLC staff set to work on how the site could be remediation that would be compatible with the future land use and acceptable to the environmental regulator.
A number of remediation and treatment options were discussed. Taking into account the depth of the containment it was concluded that capping and containment of containments was the best option, although more needed to be done about the control of the ground water.
This strategy had been designed to help contain the contaminated soils as well as manage contaminated ground water which it brings it into line with standard regulations which will allow the site to be used for industrial usage. This protects the adjacent Hunter River from any environmental damage.
The underground wall is being built in a water-charged area, which means it is a difficult task to build.
The construction method involved a continuous trench, which is up to several hundred metres long and only one metre wide. The trench is filled with bentonite slurry to support the trench in the water charged soil. The backfill is made up of soil and slurry replaces the bentonite at the rear of the trench to replace the slurry. The natural clay and rocks already in the soil support the lower part of the trench.
The concrete slabs that were left over from the steel works have been dug up and are ready to recycled on site. 80% of the concrete’s been crushed for use in the sub base for capping the site, while the remainder 20% will be used for the construction drains.
BHP Billiton has owned the site since 1915. In 2002 the NSW government negotiated a land transfer with BHP Billiton. BHP Billiton demolished the buildings on site and RMLC staff set to work on how the site could be remediation that would be compatible with the future land use and acceptable to the environmental regulator.
A number of remediation and treatment options were discussed. Taking into account the depth of the containment it was concluded that capping and containment of containments was the best option, although more needed to be done about the control of the ground water.
This strategy had been designed to help contain the contaminated soils as well as manage contaminated ground water which it brings it into line with standard regulations which will allow the site to be used for industrial usage. This protects the adjacent Hunter River from any environmental damage.
The underground wall is being built in a water-charged area, which means it is a difficult task to build.
The construction method involved a continuous trench, which is up to several hundred metres long and only one metre wide. The trench is filled with bentonite slurry to support the trench in the water charged soil. The backfill is made up of soil and slurry replaces the bentonite at the rear of the trench to replace the slurry. The natural clay and rocks already in the soil support the lower part of the trench.
The concrete slabs that were left over from the steel works have been dug up and are ready to recycled on site. 80% of the concrete’s been crushed for use in the sub base for capping the site, while the remainder 20% will be used for the construction drains.
Article#2 Melbournes Council House 2- ENGINEERS MAG VOL 79
Melbourne’s council house 2 has been the first new multistorey building to receive a six star energy rating. The ten storey high building will during October after it has stood for a year find out whether it has lived up to its’ name.
The 77 million dollar building stands in Little Collin Street in Melbourne CBD was never designed to be a technical masterpiece. The aim of the building was not to impress by sight but to impress by proving such a building is possible. The director of the project said the aim was to set a benchmark for the rest of the industry.
This building will reduce electricity consumption by 85% and gas consumption by up to 93%. Emissions will be 20% less of the current Council House standing next door.
Some of the technical devices installed in the building to allow for these huge reductions are phase-change materials for air-conditioning, automatic windows that purge air at night, façade louvres that follow the sun and are themselves powered by photovoltaic cells, chilled panels, and plants to filter light. The building has a huge concrete core which acts as a thermal mass to assist cooling.
The building has a built in treatment system to extract the sewer running underneath Little Collins Street This system applies this treated water to such thing as toilets.
One of the difficulties when approaching this project was educating the people in the construction and building part of the project that something like this could be built and how.
The 77 million dollar building stands in Little Collin Street in Melbourne CBD was never designed to be a technical masterpiece. The aim of the building was not to impress by sight but to impress by proving such a building is possible. The director of the project said the aim was to set a benchmark for the rest of the industry.
This building will reduce electricity consumption by 85% and gas consumption by up to 93%. Emissions will be 20% less of the current Council House standing next door.
Some of the technical devices installed in the building to allow for these huge reductions are phase-change materials for air-conditioning, automatic windows that purge air at night, façade louvres that follow the sun and are themselves powered by photovoltaic cells, chilled panels, and plants to filter light. The building has a huge concrete core which acts as a thermal mass to assist cooling.
The building has a built in treatment system to extract the sewer running underneath Little Collins Street This system applies this treated water to such thing as toilets.
One of the difficulties when approaching this project was educating the people in the construction and building part of the project that something like this could be built and how.
Article#1 TIMBER FLOORS- THE AGE 24 APRIL
Timber flooring used to be a standard in all Australian homes, but now environmental concerns means that concrete floors are going to be the go from now on,
Changes to energy saving regulations as of next month means that there will be added pressure on builders to use concrete slabs in replace of timber floors.
The 2005 regulations excluded timber floors in meeting the five star energy rating. But next month this exclusion will disappear. Environmentalists are happy with the change, however the building industry is complaining it will add costs, hurt the industry and reduce consumer choice.
The HIA wants the concession to extend for another 12 months until new software can calculate energy use is introduced.
Builders have estimated that 15 to 20 per cent of there home designs will be affected.
Building Commissioner Tony Arnel said that timber floors can be used on top of concrete slabs to receive the five star rating.
A Gippsland builder said 100 of his 120 houses a year use timber floor because it is the best option for such a hilly area, using concrete slabs means an additional cost of up to $10,000.
The five star rating which is being used does not calculate the energy used in creating the materials, researches suggest concrete may be less energy efficient over the whole life span of the building compared to timber, an argument HIA have used against the new proposal.
Changes to energy saving regulations as of next month means that there will be added pressure on builders to use concrete slabs in replace of timber floors.
The 2005 regulations excluded timber floors in meeting the five star energy rating. But next month this exclusion will disappear. Environmentalists are happy with the change, however the building industry is complaining it will add costs, hurt the industry and reduce consumer choice.
The HIA wants the concession to extend for another 12 months until new software can calculate energy use is introduced.
Builders have estimated that 15 to 20 per cent of there home designs will be affected.
Building Commissioner Tony Arnel said that timber floors can be used on top of concrete slabs to receive the five star rating.
A Gippsland builder said 100 of his 120 houses a year use timber floor because it is the best option for such a hilly area, using concrete slabs means an additional cost of up to $10,000.
The five star rating which is being used does not calculate the energy used in creating the materials, researches suggest concrete may be less energy efficient over the whole life span of the building compared to timber, an argument HIA have used against the new proposal.
Information on Glenn Murcutt
This is a quote that has been said about Glenn Murcutt "Glenn Murcutt has become a living legend, and architect totally focused on shelter and the environment, with skills drawn from nature and the most sohpisticated design traditions of the modern movement."
Glenn Murcutt was born in London but grew up in country NSW. This is where he learned to appreciate simple, primitive and basic architecture.
One of Glenn Murcutts favourite architects growing up was Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. Murcutts early works strongly reflect Mies van der Rohes ideals.
He is environmentally consciuos when building and designing his houses. He believes in "touching the earth lightly".
When asked what materials he prefers to work with he said "all, you have to understand the nature and preciousness of all materials, I like a combintaiton of metals, concrete, timberm masnory and stone.
He likes the colours white, black, shades of black and nature materials colours.
Glenn Murcutt was born in London but grew up in country NSW. This is where he learned to appreciate simple, primitive and basic architecture.
One of Glenn Murcutts favourite architects growing up was Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. Murcutts early works strongly reflect Mies van der Rohes ideals.
He is environmentally consciuos when building and designing his houses. He believes in "touching the earth lightly".
When asked what materials he prefers to work with he said "all, you have to understand the nature and preciousness of all materials, I like a combintaiton of metals, concrete, timberm masnory and stone.
He likes the colours white, black, shades of black and nature materials colours.
Glenn Murcutt
This is the Magney House in NSW. The roof line is interesting, but it appears as though he uses the same structure as in his other houses.
From looking at these buildings im going to make the assumption of using steel construction with a mixture of colourbond and wood on the outside.
Glenn Murcutt
This is a detail of the Marika Alderton house. Shows the materials that Murcutt uses for his roofing systems.
Glenn Murcutt
This is Glenn Murcutts Simpson Lee House. Shows the elevation of the building and the sturcture that he used.
Thursday, April 26, 2007
Detail on connection
This is where the two different structures meet. The beam for the newer area juts up against the old column and uses the strenght of the steel column for support.
The electrical services are visible as well. The gap in the plasterboard allows the electrical wire to run down the room to the toher lights.
Room without Columns
This view is looking into the original hall. It shows the span of the building and the impact a column would've had if long span was not possible. Shows the height of the building as well.
Church
There is an additional room attatched to the main hall which was added later on. It does not use the portal frame idea. It has a slightly pitched ceiling and has a low clearance. However the pitch goes the opposite way to the original hall. You can see the wooden beams used to support the roof load. There are once again no columns in the middle for the same reason as before. This is now the front of the church and main area used for worship.
Church
This is where the middle of the room is. You can see the joint of the two rafters are. It looks as though they were welded and bolted together. Couldn't get up there to check out what exactly the bolt types were.
St Albans Chruch
Here is the over all look of the building. You can see the detail of the wall and rafter on the right side. There is no column in the middle of the building so as there is more space for chairs and doesn't obstract the veiw to the front.
Wednesday, April 25, 2007
St Albans Church
Here is where the rafter goes into the next section of the building. It is a neat finish although there are gaps.
If you look closely you can see some services going down the wall.
Site Visit 2- St Albans Church
One sunday morning i was sitting in church and looked around the building and noticed it to be a portal frame, although it looks a little different.
This frame doesn't have so much haunching as originally said, cos i thought it had to be one third of the lenght.
This is a good example because you can see additional bracing in the column.
Monday, April 23, 2007
Inside Details
Here are some detaisl of the roof on the inside. As you can see from the second picture you can see daylight through the gaps between the woodwork and the guttering. This will not keep the water out. If you look closely the wood work is rotting st the ends there moisture as come in.
The corrigation presents the same issue with leaving gaps where the roofing material meets the gutter. This is a huge issue considering the roof of the other garage is draining water straight towards these gaps.
Inside the Garage
This is the drainage system inside the garage. The guttering is visible inside one of the garages. The pipes run down inside the building as well. This presents problems of over flow and the impact it will have on the interior of the building.
Detail of Gutter
This is a detail of the actual gutter itself and how the two roofs meet the 
gutter.
gutter.Box Gutter Details
This is a box gutter that is used for drainage of a two garages side by side. Both roofs angle down to the gutter from about a 60 degree angle.
Saturday, March 31, 2007
Typical Parapet Detail
It is important to have ribs under flashing just in case water blows under the flashing, this way it will get caught
in between the ribs and settle there.
Will escape when hot also avoids getting the concrete wet.
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